In what situation is the spread of bloodborne pathogens possible in salons and spas?

The possibility of spreading bloodborne pathogens in salons and spas is most significant when the skin is broken. Bloodborne pathogens, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV, can enter the body through open wounds, cuts, or abrasions. When the skin barrier is compromised, these pathogens can be transmitted more easily during various beauty procedures, such as haircuts, shaves, or any service that involves the risk of drawing blood.

In contrast, clean surfaces significantly reduce the risk of contamination and pathogen spread, while intact skin acts as a barrier that protects against infections. Wearing gloves serves as a protective measure, but they do not eliminate the risk entirely if the skin is already compromised. Thus, the presence of a broken skin barrier is the critical factor that heightens the risk of transmission in salon and spa environments.