The vast majority of contaminants and pathogens can be removed from the surfaces of tools and implements through proper __________.

Cleaning is the process that effectively removes the vast majority of contaminants and pathogens from surfaces, including tools and implements. This step involves the use of soap, water, and physical scrubbing to eliminate dirt, organic matter, and microorganisms. It is essential to note that while cleaning does not kill germs, it significantly reduces their numbers and prepares the surfaces for subsequent disinfection or sterilization, if required.

In the context of infection control, the importance of thorough cleaning cannot be overstated, as it is the foundational step before any further disinfection or sterilization processes. By initiating with cleaning, one ensures that any additional steps taken later are more effective, as they work on a cleaner surface.

Sanitization primarily reduces microbial contamination to safe levels as determined by public health standards, while disinfection kills or inactivates a larger number of pathogenic organisms but may not eliminate all spores. Sterilization goes a step further by destroying all forms of microbial life, including spores. While all these methods play important roles in infection control, cleaning stands out as the critical first step in the process of ensuring tools and implements are free from contaminants.